By Meaning In Telugu

The English word ‘by’ is a small yet powerful preposition that plays a vital role in sentence construction and meaning. For speakers or learners of Telugu, understanding how ‘by’ functions in various contexts can be both interesting and challenging. Telugu, being a Dravidian language, has a different grammatical structure compared to English, so translating ‘by’ accurately depends heavily on context. Whether used to indicate the doer of an action, a method, a deadline, or proximity, the word ‘by’ serves multiple functions that must be translated appropriately in Telugu for effective communication.

Understanding the Core Meaning of ‘By’ in Telugu

In Telugu, ‘by’ can be translated in several ways depending on its use in a sentence. Some of the most common Telugu equivalents include:

• ద్వారా (dvaaraa) – used to indicate agency or means, like ‘by someone’ or ‘by a method.’
• అప్పుడు (appudu) – when referring to a time or deadline, like ‘by 5 PM.’
• చేత (cheta) – used when indicating the doer or instrument, particularly in a more formal or literary tone.
• పక్కన (pakkana) – when referring to proximity, like ‘by the door.’

Each of these words captures a specific nuance of ‘by,’ which is why literal translations don’t always work. A deeper understanding of sentence structure and meaning is essential when translating ‘by’ from English into Telugu.

Using ‘By’ to Indicate Agency (Who Did It)

One of the most common uses of ‘by’ is to indicate the doer of an action. In Telugu, this is typically translated as ‘ద్వారా’ (dvaaraa) or ‘చేత’ (cheta).

Examples:

• The book was writtenbyRamesh. → ఈ పుస్తకం రమేష్ద్వారారాయబడింది.
• The letter was sentbyher. → ఆమెచేతఉత్తరం పంపబడింది.

Note that ‘ద్వారా’ is commonly used in spoken and written Telugu, while ‘చేత’ might appear more in classical or poetic language.

Using ‘By’ to Indicate a Deadline or Time

When ‘by’ is used to indicate that something should happen before a certain time, the Telugu equivalent is usually ‘అప్పుడు’ or ‘లోపల.’

Examples:

• Finish the projectbyMonday. → సోమవారంలోపలప్రాజెక్ట్ ముఠించు.
• He will be hereby6 PM. → అతను సాయంత్రం 6 ఠంటలకుఅప్పుడుఇక్కడ ఉంటుంది.

Understanding the context helps determine whether ‘లోపల’ (within/before) or ‘అప్పుడు’ (by that time) is more appropriate in Telugu.

Using ‘By’ to Show a Method or Means

‘By’ is also used to indicate how something was done, such as by using a tool, vehicle, or method. In Telugu, ‘ద్వారా’ again becomes relevant.

Examples:

• She traveledbybus. → ఆమె బస్సుద్వారాప్రయాణించింది.
• The news was deliveredbyphone. → ఫోన్ద్వారావార్త చెబబడింది.

Here, ‘ద్వారా’ emphasizes the medium or tool used to complete the action.

Using ‘By’ to Indicate Proximity or Location

When ‘by’ is used to show that something is near or next to something else, Telugu translations often use ‘పక్కన’ (pakkana).

Examples:

• The phone isbythe window. → ఫోన్ కిటికీపక్కనఉంది.
• She satbyher friend. → ఆమె తన స్నేహితురాలిపక్కనకూర్చుంది.

This usage is common in conversational Telugu when referring to objects or people being beside each other.

Passive Voice and the Word ‘By’

English uses ‘by’ in passive voice constructions to show who performed the action. Telugu also has passive constructions, and ‘ద్వారా’ or ‘చేత’ is used accordingly.

Examples:

• The house was builtbymy father. → ఈ ఇల్లు నా నాన్నద్వారానిర్మించబడింది.
• The poem was composedbya famous poet. → ఈ కవిత ఒక ప్రసిద్ధ కవిచేతరచించబడింది.

Understanding passive voice and how Telugu handles it can improve accuracy when translating ‘by.’

Idiomatic Expressions Using ‘By’

English contains many idioms that use the word ‘by,’ such as ‘by heart,’ ‘by chance,’ or ‘by all means.’ These expressions may require unique translations in Telugu that preserve their meaning rather than literal wording.

Examples:

• She learned the poemby heart. → ఆమె కవితమనసుపెట్టినేర్చుకుంది.
• We metby chance. → మనంయాదృచ్ఛికంఠాకలిసాం.
• By all means, go ahead. →తప్పకుండా, ముందుకు సాఠు.

These phrases need cultural and linguistic sensitivity to ensure their proper use in Telugu.

Common Mistakes When Translating ‘By’ to Telugu

Translating ‘by’ without understanding the full context can lead to confusion. Common mistakes include:

• Using ‘ద్వారా’ for time-based expressions (instead of ‘లోపల’).
• Confusing ‘చేత’ and ‘ద్వారా’ without knowing the tone and formality of the sentence.
• Literal translation of idioms, which may result in awkward or incorrect Telugu phrases.

To avoid these errors, it’s essential to analyze the sentence structure and intent before choosing the right Telugu equivalent.

Why Learning Prepositions Like ‘By’ Matters

Prepositions like ‘by’ may seem small, but they hold significant power in sentence structure and meaning. For Telugu speakers learning English or vice versa, grasping the correct usage of ‘by’ enables more precise and natural communication. Since the Telugu language often uses context-specific words, mastering how to translate ‘by’ ensures clarity, fluency, and grammatical accuracy.

The meaning of ‘by’ in Telugu depends on how it is used in a sentence. Whether it’s to show agency, time, proximity, or method, Telugu has specific words that correspond to each nuance. Understanding these subtle distinctions is key to achieving fluency in translation and bilingual communication. Always consider the context before choosing the right Telugu equivalent, and with practice, using ‘by’ correctly in both English and Telugu becomes second nature.