When exploring Xi’an, visitors quickly discover that this ancient city offers much more than the famed Terracotta Army. From historical pagodas and fortified walls to spiritual sanctuaries and culinary treasures, Xi’an blends a thousand years of history with vibrant modern life. Whether meandering through atmospheric alleys in the Muslim Quarter or climbing historic towers that mark the city’s geographic center, there is always something new to see and experience. Planning what to see in Xi’an means choosing from a rich tapestry of cultural and visual highlights that define China’s former imperial capital.
1. Terracotta Warriors and Horses
An Iconic Archaeological Marvel
Located about 40¯km east of Xi’an’s city center, the Terracotta Army is a must-see attraction. This archaeological wonder includes thousands of life-sized figures soldiers, horses, chariots buried with Emperor Qin Shi Huang in 210¯BCE. Visitors can explore the main excavation pits and learn about this incredible mass-scale project that was rediscovered in 1974.
2. Xi’an City Wall
A Fortified Treasure
The well-preserved Ming Dynasty city wall encircles the old city and offers a top-tier experience whether on foot, by bike, or aboard a shuttle. Spanning about 13¯km with gates and corner towers, it provides sweeping panoramic views, especially at sunrise or sunset.
3. Giant Wild Goose Pagoda & Daci’en Temple
Buddhist Heritage and Scenic Calm
The Tang Dynasty-built Giant Wild Goose Pagoda, part of the Daci’en Temple complex, was constructed to house Buddhist sutras brought by monk Xuanzang. The seven-story brick tower now offers visitors a scenic climb and tranquil surrounding gardens. The adjacent Daci’en Temple was established in 648 CE and remodeled over centuries.
4. Bell Tower and Drum Tower
Clockwork of an Ancient City
At the heart of Xi’an stands the Bell Tower (1384) and the nearby Drum Tower (1380), once used to mark the start and end of the day with resounding bells and drums. Their impressive Ming-era architecture and evening illumination make them city symbols. Visitors can ascend to enjoy views of the cityscape.
5. Great Mosque & Muslim Quarter
Cultural Fusion in Xi’an’s Old Town
The Great Mosque of Xi’an is a rare example of Chinese-style Islamic architecture, first built in 742 CE and expanded in the Ming era. Adjacent is the lively Muslim Quarter, filled with narrow alleys, street-food stalls, and local craft shops. Here you can sample lamb skewers, hand-pulled noodles, roujiamo, and more.
6. Shaanxi History Museum
Time-Travel Through Artifacts
Home to over 370,000 relics from prehistoric times to the Qing Dynasty including gold, bronze, and murals this museum provides a seamless narrative of Shaanxi’s local history. Admission is free (ticket entry may require reservation), and it’s well worth spending several hours exploring.
7. Stele Forest (Beilin Museum)
Stone Library of Chinese Calligraphy
Originally part of a Confucian temple, the museum contains nearly 3,000 stone steles inscribed with scriptures, poems, and calligraphy from dynastic China. It is a must for fans of art, language, and history.
8. Han Yang Ling Mausoleum
The Mini-Terracotta of the Han Dynasty
Located approximately 20¯km north of Xi’an, this mausoleum houses a collection of smaller terracotta figures soldiers, servants, livestock offering a fascinating glimpse into Han life and burial customs. Exhibits can be viewed through underground galleries and glass walkways.
9. Tang Paradise (Datang Furong Garden)
Fusion of Art, Light, and Culture
East of the Wild Goose Pagoda, this modern cultural park recreates Tang-era architecture within landscaped gardens. It features light shows, water-screen projections, and a scent-themed experience. Evening performances make for an immersive historical encounter.
10. Huaqing Palace and Hot Springs
Ancient Royal Retreat
Located at Mount Li’s base, Huaqing Palace has historic hot springs dating back to Zhou dynasty times and is famously linked to Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. Beautiful gardens and a nighttime light show enhance the experience.
Additional Highlights & Travel Tips
Other Sights Worth Visiting
- Small Wild Goose Pagoda quieter and older than its larger counterpart.
- Banpo Neolithic Village 30 minutes from the center, showcasing prehistoric life.
- Mount Huashan 120¯km east, offers iconic mountain trails and thrilling cliff walks.
Planning Tips
- Visit the Terracotta Army early (8-9¯am) or late (3-5¯pm) to avoid tour bus crowds.
- Walk or bike the City Wall at sunset for the best light.
- Check Temperatures April-May and Sept-Oct offer mild weather and fewer travelers.
- Reserve museum tickets like Shaanxi History Museum and Banpo site ahead of time.
Xi’an is a city where the threads of China’s millennia-long history come together in a living tapestry. From the Terracotta Army and ancient walls to pagodas, mosques, and royal hot springs, each site adds depth to an unforgettable itinerary. Whether you’re a history buff, art lover, foodie, or nature seeker, Xi’an provides a rich museum of experiences that remain long after your journey ends.