In formal communication, especially in business correspondence, it is common to include documents or attachments along with a letter or email. When doing so, people often use phrases like ‘Enclosed herewith’ or ‘Enclose herewith’ to indicate that something is being included. Although both phrases might seem interchangeable, understanding their correct usage, tone, and relevance in modern English can help professionals communicate more effectively. These expressions are typically found in cover letters, legal notices, official documents, and applications, but their usage has evolved over time.
Understanding the Phrases: Enclosed Herewith vs Enclose Herewith
Both Enclosed herewith and Enclose herewith serve the same basic function: they tell the recipient that something is being included with the letter or message. However, there are subtle differences in structure and tone. The word enclosed is the past participle of enclose, while enclose is the verb form. The addition of the archaic word herewith simply means with this.
‘Enclosed Herewith’
Enclosed herewith is a passive construction. It implies that something has been included with the letter. For example:
- Enclosed herewith is a copy of the agreement.
- Enclosed herewith are the payment receipts for your reference.
This form is more traditional and has been widely used in formal letters for decades. It sounds highly official and somewhat dated to modern ears, yet it remains acceptable in many legal or corporate contexts.
‘Enclose Herewith’
Enclose herewith is an active form and places more emphasis on the action of enclosing. For example:
- I enclose herewith my resume for your consideration.
- We enclose herewith a check in the amount of $500.
While grammatically correct, this structure is less common today because of its old-fashioned tone. Most modern business writers now prefer more straightforward language like I am enclosing or Please find enclosed.
Modern Alternatives to Traditional Phrases
In professional writing, especially in emails or business letters, clarity and simplicity are prioritized. Overly formal expressions like ‘Enclose herewith’ may sound stiff or outdated. Many professionals now opt for alternatives that are simpler and clearer. Some examples include:
- I have attached…
- Please find attached…
- Attached is…
- I am enclosing…
- Enclosed is…
These alternatives are easier to understand and make your message feel more natural. For example, instead of writing, I enclose herewith a copy of the contract, you could simply write, Enclosed is a copy of the contract, or I have attached the contract for your review.
Grammatical Structure and Usage
From a grammatical point of view, both enclosed herewith and enclose herewith are correct, but how you use them should align with the tone of your writing. Here’s a breakdown of when each might be more appropriate:
Use Enclosed Herewith When:
- You’re writing in a highly formal or legal tone
- The letter is part of an official document or legal contract
- You want the writing to sound more official and distant
Use Enclose Herewith When:
- You want to maintain formality but use an active voice
- You’re referring to something you are personally including
- You are following traditional formats such as cover letters or tenders
Even though these expressions are grammatically accurate, be mindful of your audience. If your recipient prefers modern language, using old-fashioned expressions might make your message seem less approachable or overly rigid.
Common Contexts Where These Phrases Are Used
Understanding when to use these phrases depends largely on the context of your correspondence. Let’s examine a few common situations:
1. Job Applications
Many job seekers used to write: I enclose herewith my resume for your kind consideration. Today, a better alternative would be: Please find my resume attached. This modern version feels more personal and direct.
2. Legal Notices and Contracts
In legal documents, tradition and precision matter. Enclosed herewith is still common in these contexts. For instance: Enclosed herewith is a certified copy of the court ruling.
3. Business Correspondence
When sending reports, invoices, or receipts, businesses might still use: We enclose herewith the monthly report. However, Attached is the monthly report is now the standard in most industries.
Tips for Effective Business Communication
To make your business writing effective and professional, consider these tips when deciding whether to use enclosed herewith, enclose herewith, or an alternative:
- Know your audience if they prefer modern, clear writing, avoid overly formal expressions.
- Keep your sentences short and focused on action.
- Use plain English to avoid misinterpretation.
- Maintain a polite and respectful tone, regardless of the phrasing.
Why Language Tone Matters
The tone of your message reflects your professionalism. While enclose herewith sounds respectful and formal, it may also sound outdated to some. Modern readers, especially those in technology or creative industries, appreciate writing that is concise and free of unnecessary jargon. On the other hand, in legal or academic settings, traditional phrases still carry weight and are often expected.
Using the right tone builds credibility and trust. The overuse of overly formal phrases can create a communication barrier, making your letter seem impersonal or cold. Tailoring your language to suit the situation shows emotional intelligence and enhances the effectiveness of your writing.
Both Enclosed herewith and Enclose herewith have been staples of formal communication for years. They continue to be relevant in legal, governmental, and some business contexts, where tradition and decorum are important. However, as communication norms evolve, simpler and more direct expressions are often preferred. Modern business writing values clarity, so phrases like Attached is or I am enclosing have become the standard. Ultimately, your choice should reflect the context, audience, and tone you wish to convey. Knowing when to use formal language and when to opt for simplicity is a key skill in professional communication.